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{
    "url": "/models/2",
    "family": "DNDC",
    "title": "DNDC",
    "description": "<p><p>DNDC\r\n(DeNitrification-DeComposition) is a process based model of carbon and nitrogen\r\nbiogeochemistry in agro-ecosystems. The model was developed by Professor\r\nChangsheng Li and colleagues at the University of New Hampshire, United States.\r\nThe model was originally developed to simulate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions\r\nfrom annual cropping systems in the United States (Li et al., 1992). Since its\r\noriginal development other researchers have modified the model to adapt it to\r\nother production systems, such as rice paddies, grazed pastures and forests,\r\nand many of these modifications have been incorporated into the latest versions\r\nof the DNDC model (Giltrap et al., 2010). Adaptation has frequently involved\r\nintegration with other ecosystem models. The model can be used for simulating\r\ncrop growth, soil temperature and moisture regimes, soil carbon dynamics,\r\nnitrogen leaching, and emissions of greenhouse and trace gases including\r\nnitrous oxide (N2O), nitric oxide (NO), dinitrogen (N2), ammonia (NH3), methane\r\n(CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). </p>\r\n<p>In DNDC the\r\nprimary drivers (climate, soil, vegetation and management) determine the soil\r\nenvironmental factors (temperature, moisture, pH, Eh and substrate\r\nconcentration gradients). Biogeochemical processes of nitrification,\r\ndenitrification and fermentation are represented as microbially mediated\r\nprocesses regulated by the soil environmental factors. The functional\r\nrelationships were largely developed from experimental data in controlled\r\nenvironments. There are five interacting sub-models: thermal hydraulic; aerobic\r\ndecomposition; denitrification; fermentation; and plant growth (including the\r\neffects of land management). The first three sub-models are described in Li et\r\nal. (1992) while Li et al. (1994) describes the plant growth and land\r\nmanagement sub-models. A dynamic scheme describing soil redox potential\r\nevolution was added in DNDC for simulating fermentation processes (Li, 2000;\r\n2007). The methods of simulating nitrous oxide, methane and ammonia are\r\ndescribed in Li (2000; 2007). Model calculations are performed at a daily or\r\nhourly time step. </p>\r\n<p>The DNDC model can\r\nbe run in single site mode for crop rotations, or at regional scale using a GIS\r\ndatabase to manage environmental and land management data, through a\r\ncomprehensive graphical user interface which also displays summary model\r\noutput. The interface also enables Monte-Carlo uncertainty analysis at site\r\nscale for the majority of input data. Uncertainty analysis at regional scale is\r\nlimited to the Most Sensitive Factor method. </p>\r\nDNDC has been extensively\r\napplied in China and India to study greenhouse gas emissions from rice and\r\nwheat systems. DNDC has been developed to study grain and pasture lands in Australia\r\nand New Zealand, and has been developed to study forest ecosystems in Europe\r\nand the United States. The model has been used as part of the European Union\r\nnitrogen biogeochemistry projects NOFRETETE and NitroEurope and is currently is\r\nbeing used for trace gas inventory and Best Management Practice studies at\r\nsite, regional or continental scale.&nbsp;<br></p>",
    "keywords": "Nitrous Oxide, Methane, Carbon, Greenhouse Gas, Agriculture, Soil, Ecosystem, Process Based, Model",
    "principal_authors": "Changsheng Li, Steve Frolking and Tod Frolking",
    "contact_name": "Changsheng Li",
    "contact_email": "changsheng.li@unh.edu",
    "organization": "Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, United States",
    "latest_version": "",
    "website": "http://www.dndc.sr.unh.edu/",
    "language": "C",
    "systems_supported": "Microsoft Windows",
    "source_code_available": "On Request",
    "model_extended_family": "UK-DNDC; NZ-DNDC; LANDSCAPE-DNDC; DNDC-EUROPE; FOREST-DNDC-TROPICA; DNDC-RICE;",
    "sectors": "Cropland, Grassland, Forestry",
    "submitted_by": "",
    "reference_url": "",
    "published_on": "1992-07-01",
    "lft": 1,
    "rght": 330,
    "tree_id": 1,
    "level": 0,
    "parent": null
}

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Title

Description

DNDC
(DeNitrification-DeComposition) is a process based model of carbon and nitrogen
biogeochemistry in agro-ecosystems. The model was developed by Professor
Changsheng Li and colleagues at the University of New Hampshire, United States.
The model was originally developed to simulate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions
from annual cropping systems in the United States (Li et al., 1992). Since its
original development other researchers have modified the model to adapt it to
other production systems, such as rice paddies, grazed pastures and forests,
and many of these modifications have been incorporated into the latest versions
of the DNDC model (Giltrap et al., 2010). Adaptation has frequently involved
integration with other ecosystem models. The model can be used for simulating
crop growth, soil temperature and moisture regimes, soil carbon dynamics,
nitrogen leaching, and emissions of greenhouse and trace gases including
nitrous oxide (N2O), nitric oxide (NO), dinitrogen (N2), ammonia (NH3), methane
(CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). 
In DNDC the
primary drivers (climate, soil, vegetation and management) determine the soil
environmental factors (temperature, moisture, pH, Eh and substrate
concentration gradients). Biogeochemical processes of nitrification,
denitrification and fermentation are represented as microbially mediated
processes regulated by the soil environmental factors. The functional
relationships were largely developed from experimental data in controlled
environments. There are five interacting sub-models: thermal hydraulic; aerobic
decomposition; denitrification; fermentation; and plant growth (including the
effects of land management). The first three sub-models are described in Li et
al. (1992) while Li et al. (1994) describes the plant growth and land
management sub-models. A dynamic scheme describing soil redox potential
evolution was added in DNDC for simulating fermentation processes (Li, 2000;
2007). The methods of simulating nitrous oxide, methane and ammonia are
described in Li (2000; 2007). Model calculations are performed at a daily or
hourly time step. 
The DNDC model can
be run in single site mode for crop rotations, or at regional scale using a GIS
database to manage environmental and land management data, through a
comprehensive graphical user interface which also displays summary model
output. The interface also enables Monte-Carlo uncertainty analysis at site
scale for the majority of input data. Uncertainty analysis at regional scale is
limited to the Most Sensitive Factor method. 
DNDC has been extensively
applied in China and India to study greenhouse gas emissions from rice and
wheat systems. DNDC has been developed to study grain and pasture lands in Australia
and New Zealand, and has been developed to study forest ecosystems in Europe
and the United States. The model has been used as part of the European Union
nitrogen biogeochemistry projects NOFRETETE and NitroEurope and is currently is
being used for trace gas inventory and Best Management Practice studies at
site, regional or continental scale.&nbsp;

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Content:

{
 "url": "/models/2",
 "family": "DNDC",
 "title": "DNDC",
 "description": "DNDC\r\n(DeNitrification-DeComposition) is a process based model of carbon and nitrogen\r\nbiogeochemistry in agro-ecosystems. The model was developed by Professor\r\nChangsheng Li and colleagues at the University of New Hampshire, United States.\r\nThe model was originally developed to simulate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions\r\nfrom annual cropping systems in the United States (Li et al., 1992). Since its\r\noriginal development other researchers have modified the model to adapt it to\r\nother production systems, such as rice paddies, grazed pastures and forests,\r\nand many of these modifications have been incorporated into the latest versions\r\nof the DNDC model (Giltrap et al., 2010). Adaptation has frequently involved\r\nintegration with other ecosystem models. The model can be used for simulating\r\ncrop growth, soil temperature and moisture regimes, soil carbon dynamics,\r\nnitrogen leaching, and emissions of greenhouse and trace gases including\r\nnitrous oxide (N2O), nitric oxide (NO), dinitrogen (N2), ammonia (NH3), methane\r\n(CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). \r\nIn DNDC the\r\nprimary drivers (climate, soil, vegetation and management) determine the soil\r\nenvironmental factors (temperature, moisture, pH, Eh and substrate\r\nconcentration gradients). Biogeochemical processes of nitrification,\r\ndenitrification and fermentation are represented as microbially mediated\r\nprocesses regulated by the soil environmental factors. The functional\r\nrelationships were largely developed from experimental data in controlled\r\nenvironments. There are five interacting sub-models: thermal hydraulic; aerobic\r\ndecomposition; denitrification; fermentation; and plant growth (including the\r\neffects of land management). The first three sub-models are described in Li et\r\nal. (1992) while Li et al. (1994) describes the plant growth and land\r\nmanagement sub-models. A dynamic scheme describing soil redox potential\r\nevolution was added in DNDC for simulating fermentation processes (Li, 2000;\r\n2007). The methods of simulating nitrous oxide, methane and ammonia are\r\ndescribed in Li (2000; 2007). Model calculations are performed at a daily or\r\nhourly time step. \r\nThe DNDC model can\r\nbe run in single site mode for crop rotations, or at regional scale using a GIS\r\ndatabase to manage environmental and land management data, through a\r\ncomprehensive graphical user interface which also displays summary model\r\noutput. The interface also enables Monte-Carlo uncertainty analysis at site\r\nscale for the majority of input data. Uncertainty analysis at regional scale is\r\nlimited to the Most Sensitive Factor method. \r\nDNDC has been extensively\r\napplied in China and India to study greenhouse gas emissions from rice and\r\nwheat systems. DNDC has been developed to study grain and pasture lands in Australia\r\nand New Zealand, and has been developed to study forest ecosystems in Europe\r\nand the United States. The model has been used as part of the European Union\r\nnitrogen biogeochemistry projects NOFRETETE and NitroEurope and is currently is\r\nbeing used for trace gas inventory and Best Management Practice studies at\r\nsite, regional or continental scale.&nbsp; ",
 "keywords": "Nitrous Oxide, Methane, Carbon, Greenhouse Gas, Agriculture, Soil, Ecosystem, Process Based, Model",
 "principal_authors": "Changsheng Li, Steve Frolking and Tod Frolking",
 "contact_name": "Changsheng Li",
 "contact_email": "changsheng.li@unh.edu",
 "organization": "Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, United States",
 "latest_version": "",
 "website": "http://www.dndc.sr.unh.edu/",
 "language": "C",
 "systems_supported": "Microsoft Windows",
 "source_code_available": "On Request",
 "model_extended_family": "UK-DNDC; NZ-DNDC; LANDSCAPE-DNDC; DNDC-EUROPE; FOREST-DNDC-TROPICA; DNDC-RICE;",
 "sectors": "Cropland, Grassland, Forestry",
 "submitted_by": "",
 "reference_url": "",
 "published_on": "1992-07-01",
 "lft": 1,
 "rght": 330,
 "tree_id": 1,
 "level": 0,
 "parent": null
}

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